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Old Statistical Account

Irvine

[Vol. VII, pages 169–186]

[Transcribed from the original by David Courtney McClure.]

( County of Ayr , Presbytery of Irvine , Synod of Glasgow and Ayr .)

By the Reverend Mr James Richmond.

Name and Situation

Irvine, or, according to its ancient orthography, Irwine , and Earwine , is a seaport town situated near the mouth of the river of Irvine, in the Bailleary [ sic ] of Cuningham [ sic ], and shire of Ayr. It was originally in the province of Galloway, which antiently [ sic ] comprehended not only the county now known by that name, and the stewartry of Kirkcudbright, but also the greatest part, if not the whole, of Ayrshire. Even at so late a period as the reign of Robert Bruce, the Castle of Irvine was accounted to be in Galloway. There is reason to suppose, that a people of Saxon original [ sic ] encroached by degrees of the ancient Galloway. The names of places in Cuningham are generally Saxon; the name of the district itself is Saxon, though, according to Buchanan, it is said to be Danish, and signifies the King's House, or the Residence of the King. [1] The town of Irvine stands on a rising ground, of a sandy soil, to the north of the river, and about half a mile distant from the harbour, which lies nearly [ 170 ] to the south–west of it. It is dry and well aired, has one broad street running through it, from the south–east, bending a little to the south about the middle, and terminating in the north–west. On the south side of the river, but connected with the town by a stone bridge, there is a row of houses on each side of the road leading to the harbour, these are mostly of one storey, with finished garrets, and occupied chiefly by seafaring people. On the great part of the road leading to Ayr , which intersects this street, nigh to the bridge, are the same kind of buildings. The most of these buildings have been erected within these 40 or 50 years, and are increasing every year.

They are not within the royalty, and form no part of the ancient burgh, being situated in the parish of Dundonald , and annexed to Irvine quoad sacra, only. Part of these lands, however, belong to the town, as also the quay, on which there are several shore–houses, coal–yards, and an inn or public house, which, by a singular feu , has the exclusive privilege of selling ale and spirits there. It appears, from the records of the burgh, that Alexander II granted a charter to the burgesses of Irvine, confirming some other royal grants, but from whom these were obtained, is now uncertain. No mention is made here of their other charters, which are many. From one granted by Robert II it appears, that the burgesses of Irvine were in possession of the whole barony of Cuningham and Largs . The magistrates of Irvine do not now enjoy so extensive a jurisdiction.

Extent, Soil, and Rent of the Parish

The parish of Irvine, at its greatest length, is about 5 miles, extending from the sea on the south–west, to the parish of Stewarton on the north–east. At its greatest breadth it is about 2 miles, and is bounded by the river Annock [ sic ], which separates it from the [ 171 ] parish of Dreghorn on the south–east and east; by the parish of Kilwinning on the north and north–east; by the river Garnock on the north–west, and by the river of Irvine, which separates it from the parish of Dundonald , on the south. To the north–west of the town, there is a commonty [ sic ] belonging to it, of above 300 acres, of a sandy soil, and partly covered with whin and short broom. If laid off in proper inclosures , and rented to the inhabitants, it might be worth 20s or 30 s per acre in a few years. Adjoining to this, and immediately at the back of the town, there was formerly a large loch, which, about the beginning of this century, was drained by the Rev. Mr Warner, and is now arable. To the north–east, the town have a considerable tract of land, yielding a revenue of about £500 per annum. The lower part of the parish is flat and sandy. To the north–east of the town, it consists of a light loam; in some aprts the soil is mixed with gravel; all of it produces heavy crops of all different kinds of corn and grass. Towards the extremity of the parish, the situation is more elevated and the soil of a stiffish clay.

There is only one gentleman's seat in the parish, Borutreehill . It is well laid out, and highly improved, by the Hon. Mr Hamilton, who resides upon it. Nigh to this seat, there is an old castle of a square form, belonging to the Earl of Eglintoune , whose seat is also a mile from Irvine to the north, and the town lands on that quarter are all along bounded by his Lordship's policy. The castle is said to be the remains of an ancient nunnery, where there was a chapel, church–yard, and a small village. The face of the country is greatly beautified by circular palntations on most of the eminences. The farms are large, the farm houses are mostly new, very neat and convenient.

[ 172 ]

Rivers

There are no rivers which run through the parish. The river of Irvine, which takes its rise to the east of Loudonhill [ sic ], in the parish of Loudon [ sic ], in times of floods, carries great quantities of sand along with it, chiefly after it passes Irvine, which being thrown out at the Bar, is gradually removing it to a greater distance from the harbour. The depth of water, from the Quay to the Bar, is generally from 9 to 11 feet, at spring tides. In high storms, with the wind from the south or south–west, it is sometimes 16 feet.

Roads

The roads leading to and from the town are, 1st, The Kilmarnock road to the south–east. 2d, The Ayr road to the south. 3d, The Greenock road by Kilwinning to the north–west; and, 4th, The Glasgow road by Stewarton to the north–east. They are all kept in tolerable repair by the statute labour, which is converted into money, and paid to the trustees. Three shillings Sterling are paid by every householder in the town for that purpose, which, in many instances, is a very hard and oppressive tax, especially in seaport towns, where there are so many sailors widows, left with numerous families, and often in poor circumstances. This is an evil which calls for redress. Besides the statute money, there are tolls nigh to the town, on the Stewarton , Kilmarnock, and Ayr roads.

A fly goes regularly from this to Glasgow, by Kilwinning , Dalry , Beath [ sic ], and Paisley, three times every week. A stage coach runs from this to Greenock twice in the week, and continues to be well employed.

Manufactures

Manufactures, as yet, are not carried on here to any extent. The young men, in general, are sailors, or go abroad to the West Indies and America as storekeepers and planters. Many from this place and the neighbourhood [ 173 ] have gone to the East Indies, and are still going out. Some in the mercantile line, others in the physical, seafaring, and military, and some in each of these professions, have recently returned from thence with large fortunes. Many of our young men are also employed as shipmasters and sailors from Clyde.

The number of the incorporated trades are nearly as follows, viz. weavers, 116; shoemakers, 56; smiths, 24; taylors [ sic ], 27; coopers, 7; masons and wrights, 80. There are other employments:

Maltsters

10

Coppersmiths

3

Master Butchers

6

Tinkers

4

Bakers

7

Barbers

6

Cloth merchants

6

Coal hewers

150

Chandlers

2

Carters

60

Physician

1

Carriers to Kilmarnock

2

Surgeons

3

Carriers to Paisley

2

Writers

5

Carriers to Glasgow

2

Sadlers

2

Carriers to Greenock

2

Druggists

2

Besides these, there are a great many carts belonging to the country employed in carrying blind coals from Kilmarnock, Riccartoun , and Fairley. There are three master ship–builders, a tanwork , a ropework , and a bleachfield . One whisky still, which consumes about 950 bolls of malt yearly. One small brewery, most of the ale being brewed by retailers themselves. Many private families brew their own beer; and, of late, the practice of brewing strong ale has been revived.

There are a great many grocers and small huckster shops, and four or five hardware shops. Weavers of silk gauze, muslins, &c and some other tradesmen employed in the town and suburb, are not entered with the corporations, nor included in the above list. Their numbers are daily [ 174 ] increasing. About three years ago, a company of manufacturers in Glasgow set on foot a tambour–work here, and have now about 70 girls employed, who earn from 15d to 2s per week.

Last year a spinning Jenny was erected, which employs about 80 hands, whose wages are from 1s to 9s per week. And two others are erected since in the suburbs, which give employment to about 50 each.

Commerce

The exports and imports of this place have rapidly increased of late. Coals have always been the chief article of our export. Formerly they were carried in small brigs and sloops to the different ports of Ireland: Their size is now greatly enlarged, and their numbers are increased. By an accurate list made up in the Customhouse on the 30th September 1790 , it appears, that the number belonging to Irvine was 51 vessels, the tonnage of which amounted to 3682 tons. They are of various sizes. The largest is 160 tons, the smallest 33 tons, excepting one of 17, and one of 10 tons, which are packets employed between this place and Greenock. It appears from the same list, that these vessels are navigated by 305 sailors, all belonging to this place. There are 49 vessels belonging to Saltcoats and Largs , which are branches of this port, the tonnage of which amounts to 4166. Many of these vessels, as well as vessels from the different ports of Ireland, and other places, come here for coals. Above 24,000 tons of coals are exported from this yearly. The exportation of coals from this took place, in a small degree, towards the end of the last century: They were carried coastways in birlings or small boats. When these arrived, they blew a large horn, which was fixed to a post at the quay by an iron chain; and, upon this signal, the country people loaded their coal poneys [ sic ] or small horses, and carried [ 175 ] down what quantities were wanted. The coals here are of an excellent quality, make a very quick and chearful [ sic ] firs; and, answering the purposes of baking and brewing better than any other coals from this coast, bring the highest prices in Ireland . Their price, delivered at the quay, is 9s per chalder , Winchester measure. Their ordinary price in Irlenad is seldom under 16s.

Considerable quantities of wooleen carpets and carpetins [ sic ], muslins, and stuffs of silk, lawns, gauzes, and linen called Kentings , are experted from this to Ireland. The lawns, gauzes, muslins, and silks, are brought from Paisley. The bounty for silks exported in the year 1790 amounted to £236. It has often exceeded than sum, and sometimes risen to £800. The chief articles of our import are hemp, iron, Memel and Nowray wood, ship–timber, chiefly from Wales, raw hides, skins, and grain, from Ireland. 10,000 Quarters of grain have sometimes been imported from Ireland in one year. Great quantities are also brought coastways from Galloway. The county of Ayr is supposed to produce grain sufficient for the consumpt [ sic ] of its inhabitants. Paisley, Glasgow, and the more inland parts of the country, consume what is imported.

Population

In 1755, by Dr Webster's list the numbers were 4025. The town and suburbs have increased since that period. The country part of the parish has been diminished. From an enumeration made in 1781, it appears, that there were in the town, country, and suburbs, 4391 souls; and, from an enumeration made in Decempber 1790, their numbers are 4500. This increase has chiefly taken place in the suburbs or annexed part of the parish, the numbers in the town having rather decreased, owing to the taking down of some old houses, each of which contained many families; whereas the new ones built in their place are occupied by [ 176 ] one or two families at most. This last enumeration was made after an unusual mortality by the small–pox, and a nervous fever, which made its appearance about the beginning of August that year. The births, deaths, and marriages, as contained in the parish register for these last ten years, are as under, viz.

Years

Births

Deaths

Marriages

1781

112

137

30

1782

100

78

30

1783

98

79

24

1784

118

145

27

1785

105

117

45

1786

117

89

43

1787

114

112

29

1788

127

116

40

1789

113

97

41

1790

131

163

30

In the years 1781, 1784, and 1790, the small–pox were in the town. In the year 1784, 54 died of that disease; and, in the year 1790, 57 died of the same disease, and about 24 of the fever. Inoculation here, till of late, was not in general practice.

Character of the People

Perhaps in no sea–port town of the same extent are the inhabitants more sober and industrious than in this. They are social and chearful , but seldom riotous, it being very unusual for any persons to be seen upon the street after 12 o'clock at night. The people, in general, are in easy circumstances; many of them are wealthy, and all of them remarkably hospitable. They are happy in each other's society, and entertain frequently and well. Their entertainments are more substantial than showy; though in this, upon occasions, they are by no means defective. As a [ 177 ] proof of their moderation and good conduct, there has not for many years been an instance of bankruptcy among them, one or two incomers only excepted . They are humane and generous, though these qualities may not, in every instance, be exerted with necessary prudence; and this perhaps is one reason of the streets being so much infested with vagrant poor. In other instances their liberality has been well directed.

Church

The church of Irvine is beautifully situated on the summit of a rising ground, to the south of the town, and nigh to the river. [2] It is an oblong square of 80 feet in length, by 60 in breadth. The lofts form an octagon in the inside, and, gradually ascending, place every hearer in full view of the preacher. At each angle there is a massy pillar of wood from the ground-floor to the roof of the church. The area below is neatly fitted up with pews, all of them facing the pulpit. Three-fourths of the church were built by the magistrates, and one–fourth by the other heritors . The communion tables consist of two rows of table seats, extending from the pulpit, on the north–west, to the south–east door, the partitions of which form the ends of the said seats, and are moveable at pleasure. The seats are the property of the session, and yield from £8 to £9 annually. The magistrates, reserving one loft for themselves , disposed of the rest of their property to the inhabitants, who fitted up their own seats, according to a plan previously agreed upon. The money which they raised in this manner defrayed their share of the expence of building the church, and left them an overplus [ sic ] of near £300. This sum they laid out, with an addition of near £500 more, in building a very elegant [ 178 ] steeple adjoining to the church on the north–west side. The steeple, at its base, is 14 feet square.

Poor

The poor of this place have greatly increased within these 50 years. This is ascribed to a variety of different causes. At that time, it was considered as disgraceful to receive supply from the session; and none but such as were in the most distressed circumstances ever thought of making application to it. By this they were led to make every exertion for their own support; and their children, from the same principle, acquired early habits of industry.

The country was then parcelled out in small farms, and employed a greater number of hands in the cultivation of it. Their incomes, though small, afforded them, in general, the certain means of subsistence. Few ever thought of resorting to towns, but such as could live upon their money, or upon the profits of their particular callings. When the farms were enlarged, as they now are, these cottagers or small tenants crowded into towns or neighbouring villages; and, being bred to no business, they soon exhausted their little stock, and became burdens upon the public. The consequence of the suppression of cottagers is felt, and will be more and more felt in many different ways throughout Scotland .

The funds chiefly arise from the interest of a small stock of money, and a mortification of some lands, public collections, proclamation of banns, baptisms, legacies, mort–cloths, seat rents, &c. The most necessitous of the poor are supplied by weekly pensions, which are from 6d to 2s 6d per week; and such as need occasional supply to assist their own industry, by precepts and watering rolls. Precepts are distributions made by the session, as occasion requires. Watering rolls are the distributions which are made at each Sacrament, which is twice every year. A Bailie Gray of this place some [ 179 ] time ago burdened his subjects with £1 10s annually for the education of poor children. Mr Stewart, a druggist here, has lately disponed his subject, in value about £300 to the poor, reserving to himself and his wife (they have no children) they liferent of it. The magistrates and heritors , who are required every year to attend at settling the treasurer's accounts, are well acquainted with the state of the funds; and, when necessary, they voluntarily assess themselves in such sums as the support of the poor requires, thereby wisely preventing a general stent. There are of late several societies established here for the support of the poor belonging to each, which, in time, will operated greatly to the relief of the poor's funds.

Schools

There are in Irvine two public schools, and several private ones. Before our connection with America was dissolved, many young men from that country and the West Indies were sent here for their education. Mr Cunningham, who was then rector, and had always a doctor under him, had frequently from 20 to 26 boarders in his house. The character of the school is now, perhaps, as high as ever it was; though, unfortunately for that branch of education, it is considered by the people at large as of less importance than it used to be. The rector's salary is £18; his perquisites arise from births and marriages. The English teacher's salary is £10. His perquisites arise from testimonials and his salary as session–clerk. There are about 30 boys at the grammar school; at the English, about 70 scholars. At private hours, they teach arithmetic, writing, book–keeping, mathematics, French, geography, &c. There is a school-mistress established here, who teaches all kinds of needle–work.

Ecclesiastical State of the Parish

There is one minister only. He has an assistant, whose salary is £40; £15 of which [ 180 ] is paid out of the town's funds, £10 by session seats, and the rest by an annual contribution among the inhabitants. The minister's stipend, till 1785, was 7 chalders of victual, chiefly meal, and near £100 Scots. At that time he obtained an augmentation of £400 Scots. The glebe, originally about one acre and an half, has received an addition of six acres and an half. Irvine is the seat of the presbytery, which consists of 18 ministers, and belongs to the synod of Glasgow and Ayr . The synod meets at Irvine once every third year. There were many learned, grave, and pious ministers, (says Mr Warner, in his preface to Nisbet's Exposition on Ecclesiastes [ sic ]). who, in suffering times, being put from their own charges, came and resided in this place, especially during the times of Messrs Hutchison's and Stirling's ministry here. In the year 1662, Mr George Hutchison was silenced by the Parliament for not giving obedience to his bishop. By a subsequent act of the same year, he was banished from Edinburgh ; and, upon passing the act of indulgence, he was appointed by the privy council to preach and exercise the other functions of the ministry at Irvine in 1669, where he died. He is the author of an Exposition on the book of Job, and on some of the minor prophets . They are works of considerable merit. Mr Dickson's works are well known: He was also a minister in Irvine . They were both of them men of eminent learning and abilities at that time, as was also their contemporary Mr Nisbet , as appears from the honourable testimony which they and others have borne of his, and from his Exposition of Ecclesiastes, and the two Epistles of Peter. His epitaph, as wrote by one of his brethren, is in these words: “Grande aliquid vultu nituit , gressuque , decoro [letters missing within this word ? , grandius in magni dotibus ingenii .” His grandson, Mr Alexander Nisbet , is still living in Irvine , a bachelor, and enjoys great health and spirits at the advanced age of 83. [ 181 ] There is in this place a Relief Meeting–house; and, belonging to it, there are, as nearly as could be collected, about 240. The minister's stipend is £70 raised partly by subscription and partly by their ordinary collections.

Buchanites

Upon the death of Mr Jack, first Relief minister in this place, that congregation made choice of Mr Whyte being called to assist at the Sacrament in the neighbourhood of Glasgow, a Mrs Buchan had an opportunity of hearing him; and, captivated by his oratory, she communicated unto him by letter the flattering account of his being the first minister who as yet had spoken effectually to her heart; expressing, at the same time, a desire of visiting him at Irvine, that she might be further confirmed in the faith.

This letter he showed to some of his people who gave her a very welcome reception; and, from her heavenly conversation, and extraordinary gifts, they began to consider her as a very valuable acquisition to their party. Religion was the constant topic of her conversation: In all companies, and upon all occasions, she introduced it. Her time was wholly employed in visiting from house to house, in making family worship, solving doubts, answering questions, and expounding the Scriptures. Some of the congregation began to entertain suspicions of the orthodoxy of her principles, all of which had been implicitly imbibed by the minister. They expresses their dissatisfaction with his ministry, and desired him to dismiss her as a dangerous person. He refused to comply with their request: They threatened to libel him. He remained firm to her interest; and in this he was supported by some of the most wealthy of his hearers. They drew up a paper, containing what they supposed to be her [ 182 ] principles and his, and desired him to declare whether these were his principles. He acknowledged that they were, and readily subscribed to them as such.

They carried the matter before their presbytery, who thought proper to depose him from the office of the ministry. He returned to Irvine, accompanied by his adherents, delivered up the keys of the church, and preached for some time in a tent, and afterwards in his own house.

The curiosity of the public was excited, and many frequented his meetings. Strange accounts were given of their doctrine and manner of worship. They usually met in the night time, and were instructed by this pretended prophetess. She gave herself out to be the woman spoken of in the 12th chapter of the Revelation, and that Mr Whyte was the man–child she had brought forth. This, and some other ravings she uttered, drew upon her and her party the indignation of the populace. Idle people assembled at different times in a tumultuous manner, surrounded the house, broke to windows and furniture, and would have proceeded to greater extremities, had it not been for the interposition of the magistrates. After repeated applications from different members of the Relief congregation to have her apprehended, and proceeded against as a blasphemer, the magistrates thought it prudent to dismiss her from the place, which was accordingly done May 1784.

To protect the woman from insult, they accompanied her about a mile out of town; but, notwithstanding all their efforts, she was grossly insulted by the mob, thrown into ditches, and otherwise ill used by the way. She took up her residence that night, with some of her followers, in the neighbourhood of Kilmaurs ; and, being joined by Mr Whyte and others in the morning, the whole company, about 40 in number, [ 183 ] proceeded on their way to Mauchline , and from thence to Cumnock and to Closeburn , in Dumfries–shire, singing as they went, and saying that they were going to the new Jerusalem.

Climate and Diseases

The climate here is much the same as in other places on the west coast, more mild and temperate than in higher and more inland parts of the country; the snow often lying on these when there is none here, and the frost severer and of longer continuance. The town, from its situation, being at the distance of one mile from the sea, and elevated above it, is reckoned very healthy.

No epidemical distempers, but such as are common in other places, prevail here.

For these last 17 years, the fever has appeared twice only. The first of these times it was neither of so bad a kind, nor so mortal, as in other places in the neighbourhood. In 1790 and 1791, it was general, and of long continuance, though not above 24 died of it. The influenza, as it was called, which raged in this country some years ago, was general here also, but of short continuance, and noe of the inhabitants died of it. In the year 1760, many of the inhabitants of this place died of the bloody flux. The infection, it is said, was brought from Ireland. The most remarkable instances of longevity in this parish are, a man of the name of grant, who died in the 105th year of his age; four of the same family, whose ages were as under; the father 92, his son 86, his grandson 83, his great–grandson 80. A woman died last year aged 103. Some are living, and in good health, 84 and upwards, one of 94.

No person belonging to this place has been tried for any capital crime these 40 years. Some have been banished the town for petty thefts, and other immoralities.

[ 184 ]

Prisoners

23 Persons were committed to prison during the last year; 12 of these for debt, most of them from the country; 5 for a riot in Saltcoats against the presbytery, who had gone there, at the request of the inhabitants, to inspect the state of the school–house. All of them stood trial before the Circuit Court at Ayr; four of them were found guilty; but, by an error in the verdict, were dismissed; two by law–burrows, two for riotous conduct, and two for petty crimes.

Ancient Religious Orders

In this town there was a convent belonging to the Carmelite or White Friars. This order, as is well known, took its name from being originally placed in a monastery by the Patriarch of Antioch on Mount Carmel, about the year 1160. Being expelled thence in the 1238 [ sic ], they came into Europe; and, in the reign of Alexander III into Scotland, where they has six convents besides the one at this town.

Though not the smallest vestige of the buildings now remain, several persons remember to have seen some fragments of its walls a little from the south corner of the present church–yard; and that piece of ground being now in my possession, I lately dug up part of their foundation. It stood near the brink of the river, which was a situation proper for the monks of that order, whose principal food consisted of fish; and, contiguous to the same spot there is a well, still called the Chapel Well.

That this friary was founded by the family of Fullarton is certain, but in what year cannot now be known, as there is reason to believe that the foundation charter is lost. It is, however, very probable that it was before the death of Alexander III in the 1285 [ sic ], as the distracted state of the nation for many years after was very unfavourable for erections of this sort. The first authentic account that we find relative [ 185 ] to this convent, which, from its purport, may be supposed to be long after its foundation, is from a contract and indenture, dated at Irvine, 24th August 1399, between Reynald Fullarton of that Ilk, and the provincial brethren and convent of the Carmelite Friars near Irvine, for the purpose of paying 40 merks , [3] for meliorating and upholding the houses of the said convent, and for repairing the principal kirk and cloister; and they were thereby obliged, in all time coming, to pray weekly, on the Lord's day, or any other feast day, in the beginning of a mass at the great altar, with an audible voice, for the souls of Sir Adam, and Marjory his wife, and for Reynald , and Elizabeth his wife, and their heirs and successors, and for the souls of all the faithful deceased.

We are informed of some emoluments which belonged to this friary, from an act passed in the reign of James VI which does much honour to the memory of that Prince. It ought therefore to be more particularly known, and should render the name of James dear to the inhabitants of this town. At a time when the church livings belonging to the Popish clergy were generally bestowed upon court parasites, we find this Monarch appropriating ahat was within the liberties of this burgh to a much more laudable purpose.

This act bears, that his Majesty had made a perpetual grant to the provost, bailies, counsellors, and community of the burgh of Irvine, and their successors, “of all and singular the lands, houses, buildings, churches, chaplainaries , orchards, gardens, crofts, annualrents [ sic ], fruits, rents, profits, emoluments, farms, alms, anniversaries of deaths whatever,” which any way pertained to any chaplainaries , alterages , and prebendaries within any church, chaplainary , or college, founded by any patrons of the same within the liberties of the said burgh [ 186 ] of Irvine: As also, of six bolls of multure belonging to the Carmelite order, all united into one tenement, to be called in time coming, The King's foundation of the School of Irvine.

Miscellaneous Observations

The town–house stands nearly in the middle of the street; but the street at that place is of so great a breadth, that the building may be considered as no incumbrance . It is executed in a plain, substantial manner. In the ground–floor is the town–clerk's office, with a room for meetings of the council. The rest is appropriated to shops. Over the entry to the council chamber the town's arms are cut in stone, being a lion rampant–guardant, with a sword in one of his fore paws, and a scepter [ sic ] in the other. Motto, Tandem bono causa triumphat . Higher up in the wall are also the British arms, very neatly cut in stone.

In the town there are two branches of banking–houses; that of the Old Paisley Bank, and of the Ayr Bank. There is only one fair worth notice; it is called the “ Marrymass Fair,” which begins on the third Monday of August, and continues the whole week.

The principal commodities are linen, cloth, horses, wool, &c. The bridge over the river of Irvine, being the road to the quay and to the town of Ayr, was rebuilt in 1748, and consists of four semicircular arches. It is too narrow for two carriages to pass each other. The tide flows about a quarter of a mile higher. There is one mill belonging to the town, and at a little distance from it, on the water of Annock . It pays, of yearly rent, about £60. The inhabitants are thirled to this mill, and pay 6d per boll for grinding oats and malt. The meal and flesh markets are on the north side of the street, a little to the east of the council–house. There is no public slaughter–house. The inhabitants pay one penny of toll for each cart of coals. Coals to the shore for exportation pay none.


[1] See Sir David Dalrymple's Annals, vol. I p. 106.

[2] The church was rebuilt in the year 1774.

[3] £51 11s 1½d Sterling .


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